Another example is in the 19th-century English case of R v Dudley and Stephens, which tested a defence of “necessity”. Three crew members and Richard Parker, a 17-year-old cabin boy, were stranded on a raft. They argued it was necessary to kill the cabin boy to preserve their own lives.
- Yet classification is a matter of form rather than substance since similar rules often prevail.
- The Halakha is a code of Jewish law that summarizes some of the Talmud’s interpretations.
- The constitutions of certain Muslim states, such as Egypt and Afghanistan, recognise Islam as the religion of the state, obliging legislature to adhere to Sharia.
- Negative perceptions of “red tape” aside, public services such as schooling, health care, policing or public transport are considered a crucial state function making public bureaucratic action the locus of government power.
- King Hammurabi is revealed the code of laws by the Mesopotamian sun god